Surah An-Nisa Verse 12 Translation (4:12) and Analysis

Mathematical

According to the Hafs Mushaf order, this verse is verse 505 from the beginning and verse 5732 from the end; it is in surah 4 and is verse 12 of Surah An-Nisa. The word count of verse 12 of Surah An-Nisa is 88, its letter count is 299, and its total Abjad value has been calculated as 18892. The total Abjad value of Surah An-Nisa has been calculated as 1117221. Abjad counts include the letter ء (Hamza) where present.

Arabic Text

ولكم نصف ما ترك ازواجكم ان لم يكن لهن ولد فان كان لهن ولد فلكم الربع مما تركن من بعد وصية يوصين بها او دين ولهن الربع مما تركتم ان لم يكن لكم ولد فان كان لكم ولد فلهن الثمن مما تركتم من بعد وصية توصون بها او دين وان كان رجل يورث كلالة او امراة وله اخ او اخت فلكل واحد منهما السدس فان كانوا اكثر من ذلك فهم شركاء في الثلث من بعد وصية يوصى بها او دين غير مضار وصية من الله والله عليم حليم

Letter Count

SHF

ولكمنصفماتركازواجكمانلميكنلهنولدفانكانلهنولدفلكمالربعمماتركنمنبعدوصيةيوصينبهااودينولهنالربعمماتركتمانلميكنلكمولدفانكانلكمولدفلهنالثمنمماتركتممنبعدوصيةتوصونبهااودينوانكانرجليورثكلالةاوامراةولهاخاواختفلكلواحدمنهماالسدسفانكانوااكثرمنذلكفهمشركاءفيالثلثمنبعدوصيةيوصىبهااودينغيرمضاروصيةمناللهواللهعليمحليم

Transliteration in Latin Letters

Velekum nisfu mâ terake ezvâcukum in lem yekun lehunne veled(un)(c) fe-in kâne lehunne veledun felekumu-rrubu’u mimmâ terakn(e)(c) min ba’di vasiyyetin yûsîne bihâ ev deyn(in)(c) velehunne-rrubu’u mimmâ teraktum in lem yekun lekum veled(un)(k) fe-in kâne lekum veledun felehunne-śśumunu mimmâ teraktum(c) min ba’di vasiyyetin tûsûne bihâ ev deyn(in)(k) ve-in kâne raculun yûraśu kelâleten evi-mraetun velehu eḣun ev uḣtun felikulli vâhidin minhumâ-ssudus(u)(c) fe-in kânû ekśera min żâlike fehum şurakâu fî-śśuluś(i)(c) min ba’di vasiyyetin yûsâ bihâ ev deynin ġayra mudâr(rin)(c) vasiyyeten mina(A)llâh(i)(k) va(A)llâhu ‘alîmun halîm(un)

M. Pickthall (English)

And unto you belongeth a half of that which your wives leave, if they have no child; but if they have a child then unto you the fourth of that which they leave, after any legacy they may have bequeathed, or debt (they may have contracted, hath been paid). And unto them belongeth the fourth of that which ye leave if ye have no child, but if ye have a child then the eighth of that which ye leave, after any legacy ye may have bequeathed, or debt ( ye may have contracted, hath been paid). And if a man or a woman have a distant heir (having left neither parent nor child), and he (or she) have a brother or a sister (only on the mother's side) then to each of them twain (the brother and the sister) the sixth, and if they be more than two, then they shall be sharers in the third, after any legacy that may have been bequeathed or debt (contracted) not injuring (the heirs by willing away more than a third of the heritage) hath been paid. A commandment from Allah. Allah is knower, Indulgent.

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Yusuf Ali (English)

In what your wives leave, your share is a half, if they leave no child; but if they leave a child, ye get a fourth; after payment of legacies and debts. In what ye leave, their share is a fourth,(519) if ye leave no child; but if ye leave a child, they get an eighth; after payment of legacies and debts. If the man or woman whose inheritance is in question, has left neither ascendants nor descendants,(520) but has left a brother(521) or a sister, each one of the two gets a sixth; but if more than two, they share in a third; after payment of legacies and debts; so that no loss(522) is caused (to any one). Thus is it ordained by Allah. and Allah is All-knowing, Most Forbearing.*

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Description

519 The husband takes a half of his deceased wife's property if she leaves no child, the rest going to residuaries; if she leaves a child, the husband gets only a fourth. Following the rule that the female share is generally half the male share, the widow gets a fourth of her deceased husband's property, if he leaves no children, and an eighth if he leaves children. If there are more windows than one, their collective share is a fourth or an eighth as the case may be: inter se they divide equally. 520 The word in Arabic is kalalah, which is so construed usually. But it was nowhere defined authoritatively in the lifetime of the Messenger. This was one of the three terms about which Umar wished that the Messenger had defined than in his lifetime, the other two being khilafah, and riba (usury). On the accepted definition, we are concerned with the inheritance of a person who has left no descendant or ascendant (however distant), but only collaterals, with or without a widow or widower. If there is a widow or widower surviving, she or he takes the share as already defined, before the collaterals come in. 521 A "brother or sister" is here interpreted to mean a uterine brother or sister, i.e., a brother or sister by the same mother but not by the same father, as the case of full brothers and sisters or brothers and sisters by the same father but different mothers is understood to be dealt with later, in the last verse of this Surah. The uterine brother or sister, if only one survives, takes a sixth, if more than one survives, they take a third collectively, and divide among themselves; this on the supposition that there are no descendants or ascendants, however remote. There may, however, be a widow or widower surviving: she or he takes her or his share, as already specified. The shares of collaterals generally are calculated on a complicated system which cannot be described in a brief note. For these, and the rules about Residuaries (‘ Asaba) reference should be made to special legal treatises. 522 Debts (in which funeral expenses take first rank) and legacies are the first charge on the estate of a deceased person, before distribution takes place. But equity and fair dealing should be observed in all matters, so that no one's interests are prejudiced. Thus funeral expenses should be reasonable; debts must be genuine and not reckless debts; and the shares must be calculated with fairness.